This dual power source ensures that sufficient power is available at all times. At full throttle, both the engine (through direct mechanical power) and the battery (through electric power to the electric motor) provide motive power. When driving at a sustained pace, the engine produces a little more energy than is immediately needed for propulsion. The battery reclaims this excess energy—charging itself up. The battery also replenishes itself from the vehicle’s regenerative braking system.
The third vital element of hybrid technology is the electric power distribution network that provides
power to the wheels and keeps the entire system running smoothly. This is comprised of a power split device (to direct power from the engine to the generator when necessary), the generator itself, an electric motor attached to the drivetrain, and an inverter that allows the battery to transmit power to (and receive power from) the motor and/or generator. This sophisticated system switches between and among power sources so smoothly that drivers feel as if they are controlling a conventionally powered vehicle.
Making the Most of Motive Force